Fourier Series Visualizer

Sum of rotating circles that together draw any periodic waveform.

Harmonics: 7 Speed: 1.0× Waveform

f(t) = (4/π) Σ sin((2k-1)t) / (2k-1) for k = 1, 2, 3, …
Only odd harmonics contribute.

Each circle spins at a harmonic frequency. Their combined tip traces the target wave on the right. Add more harmonics for a sharper approximation.